What is Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS)?

Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a rare but serious autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the peripheral nervous system. It can cause muscle weakness, numbness, tingling, and even paralysis in severe cases. Although most patients recover, it can be life-threatening if the breathing muscles or autonomic functions are affected.

GBS can strike anyone, though it is much more common among adults and elderly people. There is no well-known cause for GBS; however, most cases occur following an infection or viral illness.

How is GBS Transmitted?

GBS itself is NOT contagious, as it does not spread from one person to another like the flu or COVID-19. Nevertheless, some infections associated with GBS are transmissible, making it more likely that someone develops the syndrome.

Here are the primary ways GBS is associated with infections:

1. Viral and Bacterial Infections:

Most GBS cases occur after a bacterial or viral infection, which triggers an abnormal immune response. Common infections linked to GBS include:

• Campylobacter jejuni (Foodborne Bacteria): A leading cause of food poisoning, often from undercooked poultry or contaminated water.
• Influenza (Flu): Some cases of GBS have been associated with flu viruses, either through the illness itself or, more rarely, following flu vaccinations.
• Cytomegalovirus (CMV): A widespread viral infection, often in people with weakened immune systems.
• Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV): The agent causing mononucleosis (mono), associated with some cases of GBS.
• Zika Virus: This mosquito-borne virus has been associated with an increased incidence of GBS cases in affected areas.

2. Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Infections:

• Most cases of GBS occur following an upper respiratory tract infection (a “cold”, sinus infections, or pneumonia).
• Gastrointestinal infections, most often caused by the Campylobacter bacteria, are significant triggers for GBS.

3. Immunizations and Some Non-Causative Associations:

Even though vaccination is considered safe, in extremely rare circumstances, some individuals have developed GBS following the flu vaccine, the COVID-19 vaccine, or other types of vaccinations. However, the risk is sharply lower than the rate of GBS from an actual infection.

4. Autoimmune and Immune System Disorders:

• Autoimmune conditions or reactions to medications, surgery, or trauma sometimes cause GBS.
• Stress and genetic predisposition also may contribute to some cases.

How to Prevent GBS?

Since GBS is mainly a sequel to infections in most persons, reducing infection can be protective, including

• Washing your hands frequently to prevent bacterial and viral infections
• Cooking the food, especially poultry, thoroughly to avoid Campylobacter infections.
• Get vaccinated against influenza, COVID-19, and other preventable diseases.
• Drink safe, clean water to avoid contaminated sources.
• Practice mosquito protection in areas where Zika virus is common.
• Boost your immune system with a healthy diet, exercise, and proper hygiene.

Final Thoughts

GBS is not directly contagious but can be precipitated by common infections that easily spread. Practicing good hygiene, food safety, and preventive healthcare reduces the risk of infections that might lead to GBS. In case you or a loved one suffers from sudden weakness, numbness, or an inability to move, call for medical help immediately; the earlier the treatment, the better the outcome will be.

However, GBS symptoms are similar to those of many other neurological diseases. Your doctor will therefore probably perform additional testing to rule out any additional potential conditions. These examinations could consist of:

• Book An appointment for GBS : https://medintu.in/
• For Blood test : https://medintu.in/blood-sample-collection-at-home/
• For Radiology : https://medintu.in/mri-scan/
• Nerve Conduction Test : https://medintu.in/nerve-conduction-test/

GBS virus cases in India

Among the total 197 patients, Seven GBS suspected deaths reported

Got Questions? Get Informed!

Understanding GBS can help you protect yourself and others. If you want to learn more about GBS, vaccines, and immune health, follow our health blog for regular updates!

Stay Safe, Stay Healthy!

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